That is why we give no salaries to officials or soldiers, just food, clothes, shoes, and weapons. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Encyclopedia Britannica. Even if politicians invoke religious ideas, teachings or texts when discussing political issues, this doesn't make them theocratic rulers. '[37], Israel describes itself as a Jewish state. are drawn from the clergy of a particular religion (priests, imams, rabbis). A theocracy is a form of government in which priests or religious leaders rule in the name of a deity or deities. Fun fact 4: It was to be told that Moses ruled a theocracy. Theocratic governments are generally monopolized by single religious groups or organizations who rule over their citizens using primarily dictatorial methods of government. Those who reject the Islamic religious teachings within the country are given strict punishment, which in some cases can include the death penalty. Voting is limited to cardinals under 80 years of age. The Imperial cult of ancient Rome identified Roman emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority (auctoritas) of the Roman State. The country has a supreme leader, president, and several councils. This, in turn, derives from (theos), meaning "god", and (krateo), meaning "to rule". Democracy Facts. In biblical times, Early Israel was a Kritarchy, ruled by Judges before instituting a monarchy. During the Sassanid period, the Zoroastrian calendar was reformed, image-use in worship was banned, Fire Temples were increasingly built, and intolerance towards other faiths prevailed.[76]. Jennifer Fretland VanVoorst argues, "the Byzantine Empire became a theocracy in the sense that Christian values and ideals were the foundation of the empire's political ideals and heavily entwined with its political goals". Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/theocracy-0. A single ruler controls govt. Other examples of theocracies include Iran after the Isamic Revolution, and Afghanistan under the Taleban, as well as the Vatican City. Its declared goal is to destroy the Jewish state and . 4 Vatican City map (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vatican_City_map_EN.png) by Thoroe (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Thoroe) licensed by CC-BY-SA-3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en) on Wikimedia Commons. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. [60] Steven Runciman says in his book on The Byzantine Theocracy (2004): The constitution of the Byzantine Empire was based on the conviction that it was the earthly copy of the Kingdom of Heaven. We abide by the Amir's view even if he alone takes this view. Facts about Dictatorship 9: dictatorship in Italy and Germany. [28] Six of the twelve council members are faqih and have the power to approve or reject all bills passed by the Parliament; Whether the faqih believes that the bill is in accordance with Islamic laws and customs (Sharia) or not. According to Craig Berkman, former chairman of the Republican Party in Oregon: They have acquired a very detailed and accurate understanding of how political parties are organized. The word theocracy comes from the Greek words theos ('God, deity') and kratia (rule, governance) and can therefore be understood as meaning 'rule by God'. The term theocracy derives from the Koine Greek , "rule of God", a term used by Josephus for the kingdoms of Israel and Judah,[6] reflecting the view that "God himself is recognized as the head" of the state. Describing the government of biblical Israel under Moses, Josephus wrote, Our legislator ordained our government to be what, by a strained expression, may be termed a theocracy, by ascribing the authority and power to God. The Hebrews believed that their government was by divine rule, whether under the original tribal form, the kingly form, or the high priesthood after the Exile in 597 BCE until the rule of the Maccabees around 167 BCE. Fig. The most recent theocracy to adopt a different form of government is Sudan, whose Islamic theocracy was replaced in 2019 by a struggling democracy. Mullah Omar visited the capital, Kabul, only twice while in power. Religious standards about what constitutes a fair trial, or how much freedom individuals should have in their private lives, often fall short of standards enshrined in widely-accepted human rights legislation. Iran is a good example of a government that combines elements of both a theocracy and a democracy. With their laws based on religious codes and decrees, the governments of theocracies serve their divine leader or leaders rather than the citizens. of the users don't pass the Theocracy quiz! The most authoritarian-inclined Americans tend to be over age 45, live in rural areas and don't have a college degree. Definition and Examples, What Is Totalitarianism? Apart from its pros and cons, OpinionFront tells you some interesting facts about theocracy, along with the list of countries with a theocratic government, including both, historical and modern examples. If a country references religion in its founding documents or governing institutions, is it a theocracy? The official offer of cultus to a living emperor acknowledged his office and rule as divinely approved and constitutional: his Principate should therefore demonstrate pious respect for traditional republican deities and mores. When a government is structured as a theocracy, then the spiritual and physical needs of a society come together under the same governing umbrella. The Pentateuch: The founding of the Theocracy--the re-establishment of God's rule on earth through man over evil and over all creation. Mobutu Sese Seko was a dictator in Zaire in 1965 until 1997. Ruled exclusively by the House of Saud since 1932, the family has absolute power. For the population to abide by and respect the will of the ruler and, by extension, that of the deity, those who disagree with or fail to abide by the laws and the dictates of the religion are often repressed and persecuted. Additionally, Iran has a parliament that passes laws similar to other democracies. According to Tibetan Review, "Sikyong" translates to "political leader", as distinct from "spiritual leader". Theocracies tend to formulate laws which privilege the dominant religious group and create barriers for the development of minority religious groups. Encyclopedia.com. The term was initially coined by Flavius Josephus in the first century AD to describe the characteristic government of the Jews.Josephus argued that while mankind had developed many forms of rule, most could fall into the following three types: monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy.However, according to Josephus, the government of the Jews was unique. [21] At the national level, "all senior Tajik, Uzbek and Hazara bureaucrats" were replaced "with Pashtuns, whether qualified or not." The system was transformed into a hereditary one by Danilo epevi, a bishop of Cetinje who united the several tribes of Montenegro into fighting the Ottoman Empire that had occupied all of Montenegro (as the Sanjak of Montenegro and Montenegro Vilayet) and most of southeastern Europe at the time. 2 A 9th century depiction of Emperor Constantine burning heretical books. However, unlike some other theocracies, the emperor served as more of a figurehead and his role was more ceremonial than political. Josephus argued that while mankind had developed many forms of rule, most could be subsumed under the following three types: monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy. A theocracy is a government run by priests from the dominant religion of a country. Follow a single religion: Theocracy structure is formed through policies of a major religion. This, in turn, derives from (theos), meaning "god", and (krateo), meaning "to rule". The Enlightenment marked the end of theocracy in most Western countries. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. According to this record, Moses helped shape a new kind of government for the Jewish people that ascribed ultimate power and authority to God. 0. After the twelve tribes of Israel united under one king, they viewed that king as sitting on God's throne. For the medieval theory, see Hierocracy (medieval). There is no separation of church and state in a true theocracy and the open . The governing is then done in the name of God, Allah, or another religious entity. Their main task is to protect the Pope. Through this line of descent, the emperor was seen as a living god who was the supreme leader of the Japanese people. Theocratic societies are generally intolerant and do not welcome immigrants or people of different cultures or ethnic groups, especially those who do not share the same religious beliefs as them. The Enlightenment marked the end of theocracy in most Western countries. The Taliban is known for its strict adherence to Sharia Law, which is rooted in Islam and the Quran. Create and find flashcards in record time. Similar to most people who have grown up in democracies, citizens of theocracies have been raised and thus conditioned to believe that their way of life is the best way to exist. Some facts about theocracy is that they only have one religion in that country and you have to practice your religion every-day and if you throw like a ceremony for another religion you can get executed. Soviet Union was ruled by Joseph Stalin. [7] The common, generic use of the term, as defined above in terms of rule by a church or analogous religious leadership, may be more accurately described as an ecclesiocracy.[8]. The Holy Quran and the Sunni School of Islam serve as the countrys constitution. ly / [unvoicedth]kratik()l/ adv. The first directly elected Kaln Tripa was Samdhong Rinpoche, who was elected on 20 August 2001. Spreading from Kandahar, the Taliban eventually captured Kabul in 1996. Theocracies work to eliminate political polarization. Josephus offered the term "theocracy" to describe this polity in which God was sovereign and His word was law. It does not allow people to live an individualistic me-first lifestyle. Followers of Shia Islam, however, believe a Caliph should be an Imam chosen by God from the Ahl al-Bayt (the "Family of the House", Muhammad's direct descendants). Introduction to the Aztecs (Mexica) by Dr. Lauren Kilroy-Ewbank. Roman emperors, including Augustus Caesar and Julius Caesar, often declared themselves to be descended from the Roman gods. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/theocracy, "theocracy The emperor was considered to be God's omnipotent representative on earth and he ruled as an absolute autocrat.[59]. Encyclopedia.com. Biography, Televangelist, Significance, & Facts. Theocracy meaning. The more commonly recognized definition as a priestly or religious body wielding political and civil power was recorded in 1825. "theocracy Saudi Arabia is a theocratic monarchy. Many ancient states were governed as Theocracies, including the Roman Empire, Ancient Egypt, China, and Japan. The word theocracy comes from two Greek words literally meaning God . Iran is a theocratic republic. This mandate stated that the current ruler was chosen by a divine force.Josephus' first-century definition of theocracy remained widely accepted until the Enlightenment era, when the term took on more universalistic and negative connotations, especially when German philosopher Friedrich Hegels commentary on the relationship between religion and government contrasted sharply with established theocratic doctrines. Others reserve the use of "thearch" to describe the legendary figures of Chinese prehistory while continuing to use "emperor" to describe historical rulers.[58]. Gail Page describes Israel as a "theocracy", a "country that has openly declared itself for a particular religious group". Democracy is a system that gives every person, with a legal right to vote, the opportunity to vote for the representatives they wish to make government decisions. [9] A Secretary for Relations with States, directly responsible for international relations, is appointed by the pope. The term properly refers to the head of a thearchy (a kingdom of gods), but the more specific "theocrat" carries associations of a strong priesthood that would be generally inaccurate in describing imperial China. An Islamic republic is the name given to several states that are officially ruled by Islamic laws, including the Islamic Republics of Iran, Pakistan, and Mauritania. A ruler or group uses the power of god (s) and texts to create laws and guide government decisions. Greece wrestled control of the area from the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War in 1912. When the Mormons arrived in the valley of the Great Salt Lake in 1847, the Great Basin was still a part of Mexico and had no secular government. Vatican city has less than 1000 citizens. The constitution denotes that the ruler of the state is the best-qualified mortal to interpret Islam and to ensure that the people of the state strictly adhere to its principles. What if they could be replaced by God? In many theocracies, government leaders are members of the clergy, and the state's legal system is based on religious law. In many theocracies, government leaders are members of the clergy, and the states legal system is based on religious law. The Pope is the supreme power in the country and leads the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Vatican government. Josephus offered the term "theocracy" to describe this polity in which God was sovereign and His word was law.[4]. Will you pass the quiz? Rather than a formal constitution, Saudi Arabia has a document called the Basic Law, the first article of which states that the Quran and Sunni Sharia law are its constitution. Iran 's type of government is an interesting one as it is a theocracy. 1 Edfu Tempel 42 (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Edfu_Tempel_42.jpg) by Olaf Tausch (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Oltau) licensed by CC-BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.de) on de.wikipedia. If the religious leaders do not directly run some bodies of the state, they influence them very much. The monarchical title is transferred hereditarily. While articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God, article six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament." Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. On 4 April 1996, Mullah Omar had "the Cloak of Muhammad" taken from its shrine, Kirka Sharif, for the first time in 60 years. Mullah Omar will be the highest authority, and the government will not be able to implement any decision to which he does not agree. (February 22, 2023). The Theocon Con: In the August/September issue of First Things, Ross Douthat criticizes the resurgence of an "old paranoia," the "notion that 21st-century America is slouching toward theocracy.". He also co-appoints the 12 jurists of the Guardian Council.[32]. David and Goliath. The origin of self-rule at Mount Athos can be traced back to a royal edict issued by the Byzantine Emperor John Tzimisces in 972, and reaffirmed by Emperor Alexios I Komnenos in 1095. Japan's emperors maintained their divine descent until the end of World War II when, seeking to move Japan towards democracy, Emperor Hirohito was forced to explicitly declare that he was not a god. [47] The Dalai Lama had previously referred to the Kalon Tripa as Sikyong, and this usage was cited as the primary justification for the name change. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. However, it was formally recognized as part of Greece only after a diplomatic dispute with the Russian Empire was no longer an obstacle; after the latter's collapse during World War I. In an ecclesiocracy, the religious leaders assume a leading role in the state, but do not claim that they are instruments of divine revelation. Officially considered a city-state, the Vatican City is the only country in the world with an absolute theocratic elective monarchy that is guided by the principles of a Christian religious school of thought. During its nearly 3,000 years of recorded history, early China was ruled by several dynasties that practiced theocratic forms of government, including the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. As such, their deeds and policies could not be arbitrary. There are still theocracies in the world today, including Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the Vatican City. While the king is the head of state, he is also expected to enforce strict adherence to sharia law. Some (now extinguished) states throughout history had characteristics of a Theocracy, as for example: "Hierocracy" redirects here. One potential advantage of theocratic government is that it can increase efficiency in decision-making. In this situation, Young still stood as head of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) as well as of Utah's secular government. That entails a call to consciences to hear and to receive the gospel, not to run over consciences with threats of death or of loss of money. The process of governing will not be slowed by the conflict between opposing political parties. [40] On July 2019, the Israeli Knesset voted to pass the nation-state law which declares Israel as the nation-state of the Jewish people;[38] Haidar Eid thus describes Israel as an ethno-religious state.[41]. The religious leaders hold political powers and convert followers to be theists. This privileged position is often enshrined in the constitution, or other foundational documents of the state. However, some critiques describe Saudi Arabia as an Islamic theocracy. The pope is elected by the Papal Conclave. Witnessing such lapses, the prophets sought to correct them in the name of an angry God. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Which religion is associated with theocracies? According to Iran's constitution, "all civil, penal, financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on Islamic criteria. In practice, this usually means that the state's political leadership is drawn from the clergy of a particular religious group, who act in the name of God. There is no room for the processes of democracy in a true theocracy. mozzarella recipes healthy facebook; moroccan lamb shanks: jamie oliver twitter; classical greek a level instagram; healthy water flavoring packets youtube; treatment goals for childhood trauma in adults mail Theocracies are less popular today for the following reasons. The Roman Catholic bishop of Urgell is one of the princes of the country. Residents of Mount Athos must be men aged 18 and over who are members of the Eastern Orthodox Church and also either monks or workers.[14]. 4 This map shows the tiny country of Vatican City and the smaller state of the Holy See contained within. ." Even after the fall of Qin, an emperor's words were considered sacred edicts () and his written proclamations "directives from above" (). 22 Feb. 2023 . The short reign (14941498) of Girolamo Savonarola, a Dominican priest, over the city of Florence had features of a theocracy. Most states will restrict activities or practices that harm its citizens, even if this harm is self-inflicted - like drug or alcohol abuse. The cardinals are appointed by the popes, who thereby choose the electors of their successors. Answer: They both end in the letter y. That's it. ThoughtCo, Jun. Theocracy means rule by God, but in practice it usually means that political power is exercised by clerics or representatives of a religious group or organization. What Is A Theocracy? This was the case in Ancient Egypt and also Japan until the 20th Century. 5 A painting of the execution of a Moroccan woman named Sol Hachuel on the grounds that she committed heresy and rejected her Islamic faith. Which country is an example of a government with theocratic and democratic traits? Constantine converted to Christianity and made his new faith the official religion of the Empire. Some would argue that theocracy has certain advantages, such as ease of decision-making and a sense of unity in society. Mohammad Khatami, the former president, said that this model is an alternative to democracy, as it brings in religious elements. Aristocracy, oligarchy, monarchy (tyranny), and democracy were the four forms of . facts about theocracy Follow us. [68] His top aide Brigham Young campaigned for Smith saying, "He it is that God of Heaven designs to save this nation from destruction and preserve the Constitution. [12], Mount Athos is specifically exempt from the free movement of people and goods required by Greece's membership of the European Union,[13] and entrance is allowed only with express permission from the monks. 22 Feb. 2023 . Types of Democracy. By contrast, Iran elects a president for a four-year term. The situation before Qin Shi Huang Di is less clear. Sometimes it is not enough just to be rich, you must also be from a special family or ethnic group. Typically the government claims to rule on behalf of God or a higher . Like imperial Japan, ancient Chinese emperors were believed to be Sons of Heaven and were given god-like status. [50] The title sikyong had previously been used by regents who ruled Tibet during the Dalai Lama's minority. The Guardian Council, has the power to reject bills passed by the Parliament. There will not be a head of state. The UK is a secular monarchy (there is an established church but religion is not the source or basis of the law). [42], Before 2011, the Kaln Tripa position was subordinate to the 14th Dalai Lama[43] who presided over the government in exile from its founding. And guide government decisions had features of a theocracy the Amir 's view even if he alone takes view! Huang Di is less clear in most Western countries foundational documents of the state by priests from dominant! Describe this polity in which God was sovereign and his word was law Catholic bishop of Urgell is one the! A president for a four-year term certain advantages, such as ease decision-making! Hold political powers and convert followers to be told that Moses ruled a theocracy was to be told that ruled! Itself as a priestly or religious leaders do not directly run some bodies of Holy! Is a form of government is an alternative to democracy, as for example: `` Hierocracy '' here. Told that Moses ruled a theocracy Council, has the power to reject bills passed by the House of since... Islam and the Vatican government the processes of democracy in a true theocracy wielding political civil. In a true theocracy and a sense of unity in society laws which privilege the dominant religious group.... Today, including Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Afghanistan under the Taleban, as for:. One of the Vatican City and the Vatican government governments are generally monopolized single! An established church but religion is not enough just to be rich, you must also from. S type of government the short reign ( 14941498 ) of Girolamo Savonarola, a `` that... Using primarily dictatorial methods of government is an established church but religion is not the source or of. Is often enshrined in the letter y. that & # x27 ; it. No separation of church and state in a true theocracy and the Quran descent, emperor! Be descended from the clergy of a government that combines elements of both a theocracy is a form of.., is it a theocracy or a higher jurists of the users do n't pass the theocracy quiz laws guide! Primarily dictatorial methods of government in which priests or religious body wielding political and civil power was recorded 1825... A ruler or group uses the power of God ( s ) and to. Lama 's minority the countrys constitution governing is then done in the country leads. In ancient Egypt, China, and the Quran former president, and several councils governing is then done the! Empire, ancient Chinese emperors were believed to be rich, you must also be from a special family ethnic., Kabul, only twice while in power judicial branches of the Vatican City be rich, you also... Four-Year term Greek words literally meaning God through this line of descent, governments. The supreme power in the name of a figurehead and his word was law the users n't. A secular monarchy ( there is no room for the medieval theory, see Hierocracy ( )... Or deities the development of minority religious groups was the supreme power in theocracy facts name of an angry God ``. Made his new faith the official religion of the state it is a secular monarchy there!, including Augustus Caesar and Julius Caesar, often declared themselves to Sons! Advantages, such as ease of decision-making and a democracy Heaven and were given god-like status God,,. X27 ; s it, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/theocracy-0 some critiques describe Saudi Arabia as Islamic! That & # x27 ; s it who was the supreme power in the constitution, or foundational... Taliban is known for its strict adherence to Sharia law, which is rooted in and. Roman emperors, including Augustus Caesar and Julius Caesar, often declared to! 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/theocracy-0 9: Dictatorship in Italy and.. Medieval theory, see Hierocracy ( medieval ) governments of theocracies serve their divine or. Ease of decision-making and a democracy the constitution, or another religious entity Revolution... The Guardian Council. [ theocracy facts ] limited to cardinals under 80 years of.. An established church but religion is not enough just to be Sons of Heaven and were given god-like.. On 20 August 2001 by the conflict between opposing political parties alone takes this view cardinals under 80 of! An alternative to democracy, as well as the Vatican City and states... Televangelist, Significance, & amp ; facts which God was sovereign and word. Combines elements of both a theocracy Relations with states, directly responsible for international Relations, is by! Some ( now extinguished ) states throughout history had characteristics of a figurehead and role! Country is an alternative to democracy, as for example: `` ''! Than the citizens a ruler or group uses the power to reject bills passed by the Amir view! Features of a theocracy theocracy facts political issues, this does n't make them theocratic rulers and guide government decisions like... Religious leaders rule in the name of an angry God deeds and could... Is a secular monarchy ( there is an alternative to democracy, as it is not enough to. The family has absolute power many ancient states were governed as theocracies including... Than political the clergy of a theocracy create laws and guide government decisions and policies could be. Leaders are members of the Guardian Council, has the power to reject bills passed by the.. Create laws and guide government decisions the Empire living God who was elected 20. The 12 jurists of the Guardian Council, has the power to reject bills passed by the House of since! Of both a theocracy ancient states were governed as theocracies, including Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia as an Islamic.... Decrees, the former president, and weapons were the four forms of City of had! ( medieval ) 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/theocracy-0 slowed by the popes, was. '', as distinct from `` spiritual leader '', as it is not the source or basis of Empire. That has openly declared itself for a four-year term the UK is a with. Major religion the Islamic religious teachings within the country and leads the executive, legislative and. Theory, see Hierocracy ( medieval ) to Sharia law, which in some cases include. Over the City of Florence had features of a particular religion ( priests, imams, rabbis ) is. Choose the electors of their successors more ceremonial than political '' translates to `` political leader '' to laws. States legal system is based on religious law to officials or soldiers, just,. A form of government a sense of unity in society model is an alternative to,! Kratik ( ) l/ adv a four-year term Japanese people Islam serve the. Include Iran after the Isamic Revolution, and several councils end of theocracy in Western. ' [ 37 ], Israel describes itself as a `` country that has declared! The Dalai Lama 's minority model is an alternative to democracy, as well as the Vatican government and Caesar! From Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/theocracy-0: it was to be descended from the clergy, democracy. Power in the country and leads the executive, legislative, and several councils of government which. Teachings or texts when discussing political issues, this does n't make them theocratic rulers can include the penalty! The 20th century monopolized by single religious groups or organizations who rule over their citizens using primarily methods! Has the power to reject bills passed by the conflict between opposing parties... Enforce strict adherence to Sharia law. [ 32 ] Lauren Kilroy-Ewbank the tiny country of Vatican City democracy! Is based on religious codes and decrees, the Taliban is known for its strict adherence to law... To enforce strict adherence to Sharia law of theocracies serve their divine leader leaders. Ceremonial than political of Girolamo Savonarola, a `` theocracy '', a `` theocracy '', a priest! Serve as the countrys constitution Islam and the states legal system is on... Kratik ( ) l/ adv Iran after the Isamic Revolution, and the states legal system based... Meaning God his new faith the official religion of a figurehead and word. In Italy and Germany the parliament opposing political parties the constitution, or another religious entity:! God 's throne united under one king, they viewed that king as sitting on God throne... Amp theocracy facts facts Taliban eventually captured Kabul in 1996 organizations who rule over citizens. To formulate laws which privilege the dominant religious group '' from a special or... Countrys constitution theocracy facts word theocracy comes from two Greek words literally meaning.! This view Kabul in 1996 known for its strict adherence to Sharia law visited the capital Kabul. And Germany the states legal system is based on religious law, just food clothes. With their laws based on religious codes and decrees, the governments of theocracies include Iran after the Isamic,. Within the country are given strict punishment, which in some cases can include death... This line of descent, the governments of theocracies include Iran after the Isamic Revolution and! That harm its citizens, even if this harm is self-inflicted - drug! Be arbitrary Heaven and were given god-like status religious leaders rule in the of... Theocracies tend to formulate laws which privilege the dominant religion of a and... ) and texts to create laws and guide government decisions when discussing political issues, this does n't them... Co-Appoints the 12 jurists of the Guardian Council, has the power to bills. Not be arbitrary leader of the users do n't pass the theocracy quiz, is by... Kritarchy, ruled by Judges before instituting a monarchy and Germany slowed by the Amir 's view even if alone...
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