The Presidential Election of 1800 On March 4, 1801, Thomas Jefferson delivered his first inaugural address to the American people. (a) Votes for Federalist electors have been assigned to John Adams and votes for Democratic-Republican electors have been assigned to Thomas Jefferson. [citation needed]. It implies Hamilton's support for Jefferson over Burr was the catalyst for the Burr-Hamilton duel; in fact, while that helped sour relations between Burr and Hamilton, the duel was ultimately provoked by Hamilton's statements about Burr in the 1804 New York gubernatorial election.[75]. Of the 16 states that took part in the 1800 election, six (Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Virginia) used some kind of popular vote. 1800 Presidential Election. Yo Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. Ya know why? Hamiltons Elegant Eulogium of NathanaelGreene, Teamwork Made the Dream Work: Washington andHamilton, Rhetoric of our fathers: the election of 1800 | John Cashon's Blog, John Adams, The Unappreciated President | Jonathan Hilton. Hamilton briefly speaks with Burr, who says that he would do anything to achieve the presidency. This bold yet brief last political act on Hamilton's part eventually wins Jefferson the presidency and sits uneasily with Burr, referenced in "Your Obedient Servant". Oh! Miranda has simplified the timeline by mixing that election with Burr's 1804 attempt to. [JEFFERSON] When it becomes apparent that the race is tied, Hamilton is called upon to break the deadlock. But there was a problem: At least Republican one elector had been expected to withhold his vote from Burr to allow Jefferson to come out ahead. [FEMALE VOTER] [9], Adams was attacked by both the opposition Democratic-Republicans and a group of so-called "High Federalists" aligned with Alexander Hamilton. [MADISON] Voting in 1800 took place over a period of months, and the campaign, which was largely fought in the nations partisan press, got really nasty. [HAMILTON] It's quiet uptown. Jefferson later wrote that his victory in 1800 was as real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 76 was in its form. Federalists would never win another presidential race, and by 1815 had ceased to exist as a party. The election was a political realignment that ushered in a generation of Democratic-Republican leadership. "The Election of 1800" is the nineteenth song from the second act of Hamilton, a Broadway musical that premiered in 2015 focused on the life of Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson and Burr carried every state that had supported the Democratic-Republicans in 1796, made gains in Maryland, and picked up Burr's home state of New York. Refine any search. Man openly campaigns against me, talkin' bout, 'I look forward to our partnership" [ENSEMBLE] To the shock of everyone else, he throws the election to Jefferson. In the case of an electoral tie, the race is decided by the United States House of Representatives, where a candidate needs to win a majority of the delegations, not representatives, to win the presidency. Please?! "Your Obedient Servant". The primary conflict for the 1804 duel came in the form of Burr's gubernatorial race, where Hamilton worked to undermine him, motivated by mutterings of New England desiring to leave the union. Not until the 1836 presidential election would all states have direct popular selection of electors (except South Carolina, which had its state legislature vote for electors until 1868). That year, a fellow New Yorker, Aaron Burr, tied Thomas Jefferson 73-73 in the electoral college vote for president. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Aaron Burr November 19, 2012 itshamiltime Aaron Burr, Adam, Alexander Hamilton, Federalist, Hamilton, Jefferson, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson Michael Austin has written an interesting story for History News Network on the presidential election of 1800. [ENSEMBLE] He describes Adamss miliary plans during the Revolution and how these plans would have contributed to the defeat of the Continental Army. Hamilton wanted Burr to be president because he hates Jefferson. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Likely, these similarities between the personalities of the two increased the conflict between them. [16], If the disputed Georgia ballots were rejected on these technicalities, Jefferson and Burr would have been left with 69 votes each, or one short of the 70 votes required for a majority, meaning a contingent election would have been required between the top five finishers (Jefferson, Burr, incumbent president John Adams, Charles C. Pickney, and John Jay) in the House of Representatives. In what is sometimes called the "Revolution of 1800",[2][3] the Democratic-Republican candidate, Vice President Thomas Jefferson, defeated the Federalist Party candidate, incumbent president John Adams. Why? It draws heavily and sometimes verbatim from his writings. National Archives and Records Administration. "High Federalists" considered Adams too moderate and would have preferred the leadership of Alexander Hamilton instead. I like that Aaron Burr! It's quiet uptown, [MEN] Whaaaaaaaat?! [ENSEMBLE] We know it's lose-lose [HAMILTON] Audio The delegations from Vermont and Maryland were split evenly, so they didnt vote. The Election of 1800 In April, Burr's mobilization of the vote in New York City succeeded in reversing the Federalist majority in the state legislature to provide decisive support for the Democratic-Republican ticket. [VOTERS] Alexander Hamilton was one of these people. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. He. On the Federalist side Adams ran with Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, while Jefferson's running mate was Aaron Burr. Each party formed a plan by which one of their respective electors would vote for a third candidate or abstain so that its preferred presidential candidate (Adams for the Federalists and Jefferson for the Democratic-Republicans) would win one more vote than the party's other nominee. If you had to choose [BURR] With these votes, the total number of votes for Jefferson and Burr was 73, which gave them a majority of the total, but they were tied. Burr! (a) The votes of the representatives is typical and may have fluctuated from ballot to ballot, but the result for each state did not change. Talk less! In the letter, Hamilton begins with this premise: Not denying to Mr. Adams patriotism and integrity, and even talents of a certain kind, I should bedeficient in candour, were I to conceal the conviction, that he does not possess the talentsadapted to the administration ofgovernment, and that there are great and intrinsic defects in his character, which unfit him for the office of chief magistrate.. As the presidential election of 1800 approached, Americans were more divided than ever before. You need to change course, a key endorsement might redeem you Unsure of whom to cast their vote to, the public calls upon Hamilton, seeking his vote as to better judge whom to place theirs. He's very attractive in the North. Thirteen years later, in the presidential election of 1800, Hamilton's convictions about the perils of a demagogue ascending to the presidency were put to the test. By 1800, the nation's first two political parties were beginning to take shape. "Your Obedient Servant" [JEFFERSON] [14], Partisans on both sides sought any advantage they could find. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Jefferson was the great enemy of the Federalists, and a faction of Federalist representatives tried to block him and elect Burr. [] The Election of 1800: Hamiltons Role (itshamiltime.com) [], [] The Election of 1800: Hamiltons Role [], [] wrote earlier about Hamilton role in the Election of 1800, in which Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr received an equal number of electoral votes and Hamilton [], [] The rivalry between Alexander Hamilton and John Adams during Hamiltons lifetime is well documented. 3. Noel Campbell and Marcus Witcher, "Political entrepreneurship: Jefferson, Bayard, and the election of 1800. Mr. Jefferson I suspect will not dare much. In Rhode Island and Virginia, voters elected their state's entire Electoral College delegation at large; Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, and Tennessee all used some variation of single-member districts. He accused Adams of rash decisionmaking, particularly when related to the quasi-war with France and drew a comparison between Adams and the modest and sage Washington, who consulted much, pondered much, resolved slowly, resolved surely. Hamilton showcased instances of Adamss uncertainty and found him to beso much at variance with himself, as well as with sound policy, that we are drivento seek a solution for it in some system of concession to his political enemies. The purpose of Hamiltons letter was to draw support from within the Federalist Party towards Charles Pinckney, a Southern Federalist. Is there anything you wouldn't do? Tags: Question 13 . Well, if it isnt Aaron Burr. When Adams became president, Hamiltons maintained only a tenuous grip on his position as secretary of treasurybefore resigningin 1795. in large part because noted Federalist Alexander Hamilton campaigned heavily for him, preferring an ideological rival to the deeply flawed Burr), NAID 2668821 By the election of 1800, the nation's first two parties were beginning to take shape. What he advocated was somewhat more reasonable than what had been proposed in the party meeting. If you had to choose In the last line of the song, Jefferson gloatingly asks Burr to thank Hamilton for his endorsement of Jefferson. In the 1800 election, Jefferson and Burr became running mates again. In the end, the voting deadlocked in the Electoral College . In a plot to undermine the Democratic-Republican Party, the delegations controlled by the Federalist Party cast their votes for Burr, preventing both Jefferson and Burr from reaching the nine out of sixteen congressional delegations required to win. That's new! It's Hamiltime! [HAMILTON] The Constitution mandated that each states delegation in the House vote as a single bloc to decide the election. Broadway Production Hamilton was one of the writers of the The Federalist Papers, which supported a strong national government. Mr. Burr will Dare every thing in the sanguine hope of affecting every thing. Hamiltonalso distrusted Adams and had an integral role in ensuring his loss in the Election of 1800by drafting a letter Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. Yo. (2000) "America Afire: Jefferson, Adams, and the Revolutionary Election of 1800" (New York: William Morrow). Great article, especially love the video, thats hilarious! Adams had narrowly defeated Jefferson in the 1796 election. After getting tacit assurance that Jefferson was in agreement with these terms, Bayard submitted a blank ballot during the 36th round of voting, on February 17, 1801. This undeniably flawed system had led to Jefferson becoming Adamss VP in 1796, after losing the nations first contested presidential race by just three electoral votes. [5][6], In 2020, cast members from Hamilton performed modified lyrics for "The Election of 1800", among other songs, to encourage turnout in the 2020 United States elections in partnership with When We All Vote, an initiative started by Michelle Obama. I'm chasing what I want Hamilton: Act 2: Election of 1800 Summary & Analysis Next Act 2: Your Obedient Servant Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis Sometime later, Hamilton must choose between voting for Jefferson or Burr in the 1800 presidential election. The show is startlingly faithful to Hamilton's life. Planning for 1800, Republicans analyzed where Adams had gotten those 71 votes, calculating which states were ripe for flipping. And they say Im a Francophile? At least they know I know where France is! [6], The campaign was bitter and characterized by slander and personal attacks on both sides. Burr loves nothing but himself-Thinks of nothing but his own aggrandizementand will be content with nothing short of permanent power in his own hands.No compact, that he should make with any passion in his breast except Ambition, could be relied upon by himself.How then should we be able to rely upon our agreement with him? You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. [ENSEMBLE] In several states, this included changing the process of selecting electors to ensure the desired result. [MADISON] James Asheton Bayard, Federalist member of Congress from Delaware from 1797-1803. [ENSEMBLE] Retrieved February 15, 2018. The Federalists favored a strong central government and close relations with Great Britain. The Democratic-Republicans favored decentralization to the state governments, and the party attacked the taxes the Federalists imposed. Republicans, on the other hand, portrayed Federalists as crypto-monarchists and usurpers of the Constitution. Poor Alexander Hamilton? When this letter was published more widely, it damaged Adams hopes of winning the election and fractured the Federalist Party. While Alexander Hamilton, the main character, is repeatedly questioned on who he would rather support, he refuses to answer. Hamilton stated: Mr. Jefferson, though too revolutionary in his notions, is yet a lover of liberty and will be desirous of something like orderly Government.Mr. Jefferson or Burr? Hamiltonians worked as hard to throw the electionto the other Federalist candidate, Charles CotesworthPinckney, as Republicans did to elect their hero Jefferson. In real life, the sequence of events was more complicated, but the fallout from 1800 certainly played a significant role in the two mens lives. Given Pinckney's lack of political experience, he would have been expected to be open to Hamilton's influence. Honestly, it's kinda draining [BURR] Eight votes were cast for electors pledged to both Jefferson and Adams; one vote was cast for an elector of unknown affiliation. [JEFFERSON/MADISON/ENSEMBLE] Alexander! By 1800, Hamilton's political influence had waned and his endorsement was not likely to swing the election one way or the other. They pointed to the recent Alien and Sedition Acts as proof that Federalists would roll back the Bill of Rights at every available opportunity until they could declare Hamilton president-for-life and, from there, King of America. Hamilton favored Jefferson over Burr, and he convinced several Federalists to switch their support to Jefferson, giving Jefferson a victory on the 36th ballot. To Jefferson and his supporters in the rising Democratic-Republican (or Republican) opposition, building the strong national government favored by Adamss Federalist Party meant trampling on the rights of states and individuals, and destroying the revolutionary freedom on which the nation had been founded. The election was featured in the HBO miniseries John Adams. Shake hands with him [HAMILTON] Im going door to door! 2. Under the original rules, each elector would cast two ballotsthe candidate with the most votes would become president, while the runner-up becomes vice president. 5. An event or action set as an example to future generations. [HAMILTON] SURVEY . It's quiet uptown When Adams was running for a second term, Hamilton published a letter to his supporters Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. (LogOut/ Production Oh! It's a tie! This revolution, he wrote, was "as real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 1776 was in its form.". According to historian Ron Chernow, Bayard suggested in a caucus that he might vote for Jefferson to prevent a constitutional crisis. Austin draws parallels between the current state of partisan politics and the bitter rivalries that emerged during the presidential contest between incumbent John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. The Election of 1800 "The Election of 1800" is the 19th song of Act Two of the musical Hamilton, as well as the 42nd song of both acts. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Mock Politics produced a humorous set of Jefferson v. Adams attack ads: In an interestingpost-script to the election, Hamilton eventuallypersuaded fellow Federalists to choose Jefferson over Aaron Burr. The eventual winner was decided only after days of balloting in the House of Representatives. How did the United States arrive at this critical juncture? On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 2nd President, Known for Alien and Sedition Act. Jefferson or Burr? It was now March 1801 and the dust was settling over the gloom of the new Federal City along the Potomac River. Electors from each of the 16 states in the Union each cast two votes; the candidate who received the most votes became president, while the runner-up became vice president. President of the United States that took a disparaging . Hamilton's on your side This was the last time that Vermont voted for the Federalists, and the last time a Federalist won electoral votes from Pennsylvania. Sure! We can change that! (You can read more about Hamiltons role in that election here). Hamilton embarked on a frenzied letter-writing campaign to get Federalist Representatives to switch votes. After 1800: Hamilton and the Twelfth Amendment | It's Hamiltime! [65] He urged the Federalists to support Jefferson because he was "by far not so dangerous a man" as Burr; in short, he would much rather have someone with wrong principles than someone devoid of any.[13]. Competing visions: the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans George Washington, as the first president of the United States, was acutely aware that everything he did set a precedent. [], [] written before about Hamiltons pivotal role in the the Election of 1800. At the end of a long and bitter campaign, Jefferson and Burr each won 73 electoral votes, Adams won 65, and Pinckney won 64. "[74] The song focuses on Alexander Hamilton's role in deciding the outcome of the 1801 contingent election. In the rest, electors were chosen by the state legislature. Yeah, right While writing about past contested presidential elections, Kagan parenthetically commented that "Alexander Hamilton secured his place on the Broadway stagebut possibly in the cemetery tooby lobbying Federalists in the House to tip the election to Jefferson". You're openly campaigning? It was the first time that parties mounted presidential campaigns, as domestic and foreign developments had divided Americans into two distinct partisan camps: the Federalists of President Adams and Alexander Hamiltonideological ancestors of modern Republicansversus the . Previous I learned that from you Burr! Hamilton: The Election of 1800 Broadcast Zero 13.6K subscribers Subscribe 91K views 5 years ago Hello everyone! The election of 1800 between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson was an emotional and hard-fought campaign. The unintended circulation of the Letter from Alexander Hamilton, Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. During that election, Hamilton and other high Federalists painted Jefferson and the Republicans as morally depraved atheists and fiery anti-government radicals who planned to set up guillotineson the banks of the Potomac and fill the new capital with blood. From February 11 to 17, the House cast a total of 35 ballots; each time eight state delegations voted for Jefferson, one short of the necessary majority of nine. New York After the emotional ending of the previous song, Thomas Jefferson lightens the mood by asking if they can "get back to politics" and James Madison (still crying) agrees. But if you had to choose, [WOMEN] President of the United States. The four representatives present from South Carolina, all Federalists, also changed their 31 selection of Burr to four abstentions. [BURR] [1] In the next number, "Your Obedient Servant", Burr challenges Hamilton to a duel out of anger for this endorsement. [5], FormerMinister to FranceCharles C.Pinckneyfrom South Carolina, Vice PresidentThomas Jeffersonfrom Virginia, FormerU.S. Thomas Jefferson vs. John Adams. The decision of 1800 . For the country is facing a difficult choice Jefferson immediately brought about changes in the presidency and the government. But if you had to choose The election of 1800 was one of the most controversial in American history, marked by intrigue, betrayals, and a tie in the electoral college between two candidates who were running mates on the same ticket. It embarrassed Adams and damaged Hamilton's efforts on behalf of Pinckney,[4] not to mention speeding Hamilton's own political decline. Republican newspaper editor James Callender notoriously accused Adams of having a hideous hermaphroditical character, while a Federalist writer named Burleigh claimed that if Jefferson won, murder, robbery, rape, adultery, and incest, will openly be taught and practiced.. . In the song The Election of 1800, Hamilton is shown to play an influential role in the election of the US' third president. He's not very forthcoming on any particular stances I am happy to bring to you one of the best musicals in the past decade,. [2][3][4], While Madison tells Jefferson near the end of the song that Jefferson won the election in a landslide, the Tampa Bay Times points out that this was not the case. Burr Its crazy that the guy who comes in second gets to be Vice President (including. Burr! [MADISON] Burr did, however, noticeably decline to say that he would not accept the presidency if he were elected. Democratic-Republican via contingent election. [MADISON] Jefferson or Burr? Burr remains optimistic about still being vice president, but Jefferson uses his new power to change the law so the person in second place does not become vice president as he doesn't trust Burr. Jefferson or Burr? Thomas Jefferson In his third sabotage attempt toward Adams,[12] Hamilton quietly schemed to elect Pinckney to the presidency. The presidential election of 1800 was the first truly disputed election in our nation's history, and became a defining event in shaping the United States Constitution. [HAMILTON] It's quiet uptown. John Adams doesn't stand a chance so who are you promoting? National Archives. Burr refused to confirm that he would turn down the presidency if the House voted in his favor, leading some people to conclude that he was secretly angling for the job. (LogOut/ The incumbent President John Adams faced off against Vice President Thomas Jefferson, the former. [JEFFERSON] Hamilton also criticized Adams for ignoring the advice of his cabinet. What Jefferson dubbed "the revolution of 1800" marked the first transition of power from one party to another. [HAMILTON] For example, while the original lyrics when Hamilton was first approached about Jefferson and Burr were "Dear Mr. Hamilton, your fellow federalists would like to know how you'll be voting", with his response being "It's quiet uptown", the new lyrics were "Dear friends of Hamilton, it's 2020 and our need for you is only growing", continuing with "It's easy and fun". 4", "Drunk History John Adams and Thomas Jefferson Had Beef", "PolitiFact: Fact-checking 'Hamilton' the musical", "The election of 1800: a study in the logic of political change", 1800 U.S. Presidential Election at VoteArchive.com, Vote Archive: County-level results for Maryland, Vote Archive: County-level results for North Carolina, Vote Archive: County-level results for Rhode Island, Vote Archive: County-level results for Virginia, Presidential Election of 1800: A Resource Guide, A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 17871825, Overview at Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections, A Summary View of the Rights of British America, Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms, Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness, Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, 1777 draft and 1786 passage, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States, Proposals for concerted operation among the powers at war with the Pyratical states of Barbary, Jefferson manuscript collection at the Massachusetts Historical Society, Member, Virginia Committee of Correspondence, Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression, Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service, Washington and Jefferson National Forests, Louisiana Purchase Exposition gold dollar, Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence, Chairman of the Marine Committee, 1775-1779, United States presidential election 17881789, Massachusetts Historical Society holdings, A Defense of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, Family home and John Quincy Adams birthplace, Co-founder and second president, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams, State results of the 1800 U.S. presidential election, elections in which the winner lost the popular vote, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1800_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=1141037336, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2020, Pages using bar box without float left or float right, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, State is divided into electoral districts, with one Elector chosen per district by the voters of that district, Divided the state into three electoral districts and named three persons from each county in each district to elect an elector for each of the three districts (same as in 1796), Each Elector appointed by state legislature. 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