. Early life. ", scooped Indigenous children from their families, 1867 federal treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi, List of unrecognized tribes in the United States, Native Americans in German popular culture, Category:American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent, "Doubts Over Indigenous Identity in Academia Spark 'Pretendian' Claims - Some Canadian universities now require additional proof to back up Indigenous heritage, replacing self-declaration policies", "4. Embattled now by the Miamis who share the reserve land in OK. One thing less important than the main part here was that tribes might lose the power in law to distinguish themselves in kindness in continuing to bring kindred into the circle. In the academy and government, they are mostly white women. First of all, Sovereignty has always been limited with ANY federally recognized tribe. United States Poet Laureate Joy Harjo (Mvskoke) writes: We have had to contend with an onslaught of what we call 'Pretendians', that is, non-Indigenous people assuming a Native identity. Be it said the four winds drew me near my last acceptance at a university before i gave up was to LSSU. This has led to the federally recognized Pikwakanagan First Nation to renew efforts to remove these "pretendian" claimants from their membership. There is an element of narcissism. There are some questions to both her own and her husband's Native ancestry / enrollment as both of their stories shift over time. Unclear how he got enrolled. Keeler doesnt mention if she reached out to Northern Cheyenne tribal officials. Their professor, Frederick Matthew Wiseman Ph.D. of Johnson State College, was their member and ally, who manipulated his scholarly findings in which to base the 4 groups (Nulhegan 2004, Elnu 2006, Koasek 2006 and the St. Francis-Sokoki 1975) petitions for State Recognition, crafted and complied by Wiseman himself. DNA tests are setting up other problems involving those who discover Native DNA [sic] in their bloodline. UC Santa Barbara making progress on planned student housing development in partnership with visionary philanthropist Charlie Munger. tx tribe), Jake Jeffcoat (Pee Dee and Creek descendant), Mike Padgett (Muscogee Nation of Florida), Kristina Gill (University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History), Paul Spickard (University of California, Santa Barbara), Christine MacInnes O'Donnell (Celtic person of the Earth First Nations Supporter Advocate), Devon Murphy, MA/MSIS, living on Shawnee land, Joseph Anthony Carlson (Charm City Books), Rodolfo Rosales (La Esperanza Peace & Justice Center and League of United Latin American Citizens), Bryce Stokes (Organization for Indigenous Autonomy), Matthew Foster (New England Independence Campaign), April M Hamm (Jim-Ree African American Museum), Brooke Lehman (The Watershed Center) Lazlo, Dr. Kimberly Wieser (The University of Oklahoma) Luca, Kia Hahta Nashoba (Indigenous Peoples United) Mackenzie Dawson, Tribal chair/Historian Marilyn Dreamwalker Mejorado Jessica Grasl, Last Real Indians 2020The New Indigenous Millennium, Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Montana, Last Real Indians, voter rights, Native American Rights Fund, ACLU, voting, racism, google. Some people, in fact, warned us not to cover the Posts possible manipulation of her picture, or even the possibility that the Post took the pic out of context, because Keeler might get angry and seek revenge. Why aren't either public to allow for observation and/or scrutiny without the need for data collection? After the whole New York Times/Claudia Lawrence debacle, I was fed up and tired of tiptoeing around frauds because of the power they wield. It has meant, more than anything, a feeling of utter powerlessness within the structures of strong mainstream institutions. Indeed, some deceivers have argued that her list is in itself racist, or that it has racial undertones, because it includes people who identify as both Black and Native. Pretendians rarely can name any people they are related to in a Native community or in their family tree. The idea here was that I watch from my apartment in Toledo and wait for the night sky to tell me to travel to defen Indian land from the Alberta pipelines. [22][23][24] Attempts by non-Natives to racialize Indigenous identity by DNA tests have been seen by Indigenous people as insensitive at best, often racist, politically and financially motivated, and dangerous to the survival of Indigenous cultures. Fair warning, I know Jackie Keeler and she stood with us at a protest at the BIA. Check out my Amazon gift list." Karendian Keeler. In an apparent response to these incidents, Navajo and Yankton Dakota writer Jacqueline Keeler recently created an alleged pretendian lista spreadsheet of people she thinks are pretending to be Indian. Im investigating actual ethnic fraud which harms Native people. I get it: to feast on struggle, to explore imagined roots; to lay the foundational work for academic jobs and publishing opportunities. To be clear: We were letting readers know what those terms mean in service of a greater discourse of this topic. Please. this issue is of utmost importance, as we said in the original post. From 2012 to this year. May 14, 2021 / May 19, 2021 by Angelina Newsom | 12 Comments on Opinion: The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keelers Alleged Pretendian List. Distorted Descent: White Claims to Indigenous Identity, Inventing an Indigenous People in Algonquin Territory, Settler Colonialism + Native Ghosts: An Autoethnographic Account of the Imaginarium of Late Capitalist/Colonialist Storytelling, Waterloo, Ontario: University of Waterloo, Becoming Indian: The Struggle Over Cherokee Identity in the Twenty-First Century, Native American DNA: Tribal Belonging and the False Promise of Genetic Science, APTN Investigates: Cowboys and Pretendians, "Indigenous 'Race Shifting' Red Flags: A Quick Primer for Reporters and Others", Pretendians and Their Impact on Mtis Identity in the Academy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pretendian&oldid=1138314384, Erika T. Wurth is a novelist claiming Apache/Chickasaw/Cherokee descent whose novel, This page was last edited on 9 February 2023, at 01:08. This kind of impersonation can only be carried out by those with immense privilege. Among famous names like Johnny Depp and . There was a rise in pretendians after the 1960s for a number of reasons, such as the reestablishment of tribal sovereignty following the era of Indian termination policy, the media coverage of the Occupation of Alcatraz and the Wounded Knee Occupation, and the formation of Native American studies as a distinct form of area studies which led to the establishment of publishing programs and university departments specifically for or about Native American culture. [5], In October 2022, actor and activist Sacheen Littlefeather died. All of this added up to a culture that was not inclined to disbelieve self-identification, and a wider societal impulse to claim Indigeneity.[19]. Taking a key step to advance a project that will transform the campus residential experience and the campus itself UC Santa Barbara has released a notice of preparation for a new student housing development. Blood quantum is designed to wipe us out. Making their data available opens them up to possible harassment or worse. Nadema Agard, a New York City visual artist who claims Lakota, Cherokee, and Powhatan ancestry, is . Ethnic fraud, particularly against native people is huge, Keeler said. "[9], Patrick Wolfe argues that the problem is more structural, stating that settler colonial ideology actively needs to erase and then reproduce Indigenous identity in order to create and justify claims to land and territory. Keelers rationale is that these are public-facing people. Mnikwou Lakota poet Trevino Brings Plenty writes: "To wear an underrepresented people's skin is enticing. [] Harm is caused when resources and even jobs go to fakes instead of the people they were intended for. Keeler references we in many of her posts regarding this list without publicly disclosing exactly who else is involved. She attached links to, with some names, which indicates at least some of this research is being conducted via, searches. Keeler has a reputation for doing this kind of thing. [21], While Harjo refers to "Native DNA", there is no DNA test that can reliably confirm Native American ancestry, and no DNA test can indicate tribal origin. Pierce added the piece preys on peoples insecurities rather than proposing a type of repair., Its like putting your finger in a wound, you know? We were written off, no more dialogue to be had, and our thoughts on the Posts coverage were apparently just plain stupid, not worthy of a response (no matter that we repeat, again, that Fox News has been caught doing this very thing in the past in an attempt to undermine people it disagrees with). Malea Powell is on Jacqueline Keeler's Alleged Pretendian list as debunked (not Native) . to cover the Posts possible manipulation, letting readers know what those terms mean, she has allegedly tweeted the N-word and has allegedly supported doing blackface, has been caught doing this very thing in the past. To receive new posts and support our work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Indigenous impersonation is not an accident. All of those scholars are documented as having previous, and current working relationships with one or more of these Abenaki groups for years previous! The list is a hodgepodge, with some entries containing detailed genealogical records to back up the claims, while others offer little beyond Keelers jaccuse. The above video has the audio enhanced and subtitled. A notorious and deeply unreliable 'pretendian hunter' making the claim that Sacheen Littlefeather wasn't Native is profoundly suspicious and i'm gonna need my non indigenous mutuals to generally . But how I digress, as with Sacheen Littlefeather who sadly passed away recently, there have been plenty of people who insist that she was a woman of Apache and Yaqui Indian ancestry. To people like Bourassa, we are indeed a costume, except one you get to wear all year long and benefit from professionally because it checks that box that was created to even-out the field that cannot ever be evened out just by a box. "Report on Conclusion of Preliminary Review in the Matter of Professor Ward Churchill". Rhiana Yazzie, a Native-American playwright, said she had mixed feelings about the list. For a first-time violation of the Act, an individual can face civil or criminal penalties up to a $250,000 fine or a five-year prison term, or both. Jacqueline Keeler is compiling a long list of Pretendians that attempt to speak on behalf of Native people, take up space intended for Native people, or worse, prizes, scholarships, and awards. Keeler included places of employment, LinkedIn profiles and, in some cases, the names of their actual Native relatives or in-laws. Its simply another expression of white privilege., (Keeler is referring here, we think, in a roundabout way to people with a combination of Black and Native ancestry/heritage who have felt attacked by her list of alleged ethnic fraudsters. I'll just hold off my judgment till more comes out. Why Are Land Acknowledgements Important? Im not sure who is investigating and what the consequences are, she said. What is being done requires deep research, not gut feel. Theres not a clear process on how this research is being conducted or how individuals are singled out for suspicion. "[4], In October 2021, the CBC published an investigation into the status of Canadian academic Carrie Bourassa, who works as an Indigenous health expert and has claimed Mtis, Anishinaabe and Tlingit status. It only is supportive of Karens scheming for land when you forget your surprise reaction at this stuff. The Google doc can be viewed by requesting access with an email address. The rise of pretendian identities post-1960s can be explained by a number of factors. Who are hiding behind a serious BLM issue to deflect from their fraud. Keeler has a reputation for doing this kind of thing. Jacqueline Keeler, a Native American writer and activist, created the list to expose the fakers. [47], Why do they do it? Despite wide circulation on social media, Keeler has yet to address the screenshot. Death certificates list both parents with their birth places and mother's maiden name. And how can you use a term that is misogynistic and equates verification of stated claims by people who monetize their claims to Native identity to threatening the lives of Black Americans? she further asked on Twitter. Keeler's list lacks documentation, is libelous, and includes dozens of people who are recognized by their tribes and communities as kin and contributing members of their communities. [35] Keeler has stressed that the list does not include private citizens who are "merely wannabes", but only those public figures who are monetizing and profiting from their claims to tribal identity and who claim to speak for Native American tribes. The sisters also assert that Littlefeather's stories about their violent and impoverished upbringing were also patently false. Such was never the reality. Hebrew-Israelite teen sues after alleged forced pizza feed 11-year-old reads aloud from 'pornographic' book he checked out from library at school board meeting, Chicago's top cop quits one day after woke mayor lost re-election bid, Influencer refuses to switch business class seats so family can sit together, RHOA star Drew Sidora accuses ex Ralph Pittman of cheating, mental abuse, Original Gone With The Wind script reveals secret war over slavery, cut scenes, Drake regrets disrupting someones life by name-dropping exes in his songs, Good luck 'worming' your way out of this one, Sunny Hostin Points Finger at China for COVID Crisis: Did Not Cooperate With the International Community, 'Disgraceful' Meghan, Harry 'provoked' King Charles to evict them: royal expert. in November 2021, writing for the Toronto Star about the Bourassa situation as well as the actions of Joseph Boyden and Michelle Latimer, K.J. Her enemies among whom we do not consider ourselves, but she might think otherwise based on what youll read below say she tends to serve up disordered logic on a number of topics. In response to an Indigenous Wire item yesterday about the way the New York Post treated a picture of writer and activist Jacqueline Keeler in its coverage of the Pretendian/Karendian/Defendian Native identity and ethnic fraud controversy, Keeler shot the messenger in this case, yours truly. The "Alleged Pretendians List" is the creation of Jacqueline Keeler, a Native American writer and activist who has spent years busting fakers in politics and academia. Believe it or not, some non-Indian folks, not steeped in this stuff, dont know what a Pretendian, a Defendian, a Karendian and/or a Kendian are. What more do you need? Problem was, none of their narratives of connection to the Abenakis was objectively validated by any documentation whatsoever. There are many angles to the story, and this one, while not the most crucial, piqued our interest due to the New York Post/Fox News connection and Fox News previous manipulation of photos. His family came from Mexico. What the heck? Keeler replied on Twitter, referencing the Indigenous Wire piece. Indigenous Definition: How To Use It Correctly and Related Terms To Avoid, Interview Jana Schmieding Lakota Actress From Peacocks Rutherford Falls, To Fight Gangs and Their Grip On Our Children, Stereotype Proved incorrect: Natives drink LESS than European Americans. Any findings should only be released publicly after they have been determined. A CBC investigation that cast doubt on the authenticity of a letter which has enabled more than 1,000 people to claim Indigenous ancestry is reinvigorating efforts to remove so-called. [35], There are several possible explanations for why people adopt pretendian identities. Elizabeth Cook-Lynn wrote of the influence of pretendians in academia and political positions: [U]nscrupulous scholars in the discipline who had no stake in Native nationhood but who had achieved status in academia and held on to it through fraudulent claims to lndian Nation heritage and blood directed the discourse. I know some of these people who react negatively to . The strongest rule of white culture is to speak when spoken to. Staff genealogist. In the hunting and fishing realm, they are mostly white men. But given the forced assimilation/cultural genocide thats gone on I cant help but feel she is complicit in that on the many occasions when she is wrong and shes wrong often. The group in Swanton submitted their initial petition for federal recognition in 1982 (after having their internally-trained -by John Moody- but biased genealogists who claimed to be Abenakis, members of the group, do the research and an Addendum was added in 1986. The reestablishment and exercise of tribal sovereignty among tribal nations (following the era of Indian termination policy) meant that many individuals raised away from tribal communities sought, and still seek, to reestablish their status as tribal citizens or to recover connections to tribal traditions. Back in my youth, we called them wannabes; nowadays, they are referred to as pretendians or race-shifters. . Contemporary Mexican-Americans experience many forms of racism, including state violence, criminalization, discrimination, educational and income gaps, and health disparities. The Alleged Pretendians List is the creation of Jacqueline Keeler (inset), a Native American writer and activist who has spent years busting fakers in politics and . The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keeler's 'Alleged Pretendian' List. Its nearly 50 pages of Keeler's history of harassing others. Keeler says she and other researchers capped the list at 200 to help make the investigative caseload manageable, but that the true number of alleged fraudsters is closer to 500. Keeler also added former Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell to the list, despite his enrollment in the Northern Cheyenne nation with a note attached, No Cheyenne ancestry. As with the Abenakis of Vermont and New Hampshire, the Penobscots, Maliseets, Mikmaqs, nor the Passamaquoddies, let alone the Federally Recognized tribal communities, in the past or present, have ever questioned or even really validated objectively, that these people in Vermont and New Hampshire actually descend from the Abenakis. Problem with this narrative of his, is that the objective evidence shows her as Delia throughout most of her life, in Burlington City Directories, Census Records, her childrens birth, marriage and death records, and even in the Burlington Free Press, including her place of residence! The Academy apologized to Littlefeather in a letter reported in April. McCusker wrote, We have been so heavily affected by stolen identities that the word pretendian has become a colloquially used term. Keeler seems to be going on the latter much of the time and is not humble enough admit an error when she comes to an erroneous conclusion, that is later refuted by hard evidence. Ms. Peaceful sleep and the joke of roads to laugh at in the morning i wish for you. Just because Nighthorse Campbell got enrollment in the Northern Cheyenne nation doesnt mean hes not a Pretendian. The assumption of Indigenous identity, through the growth of the so-called Eastern Mtis movement, is clearly, at least in terms of its foundational leadership and organizational nature, antagonistic at a fundamental level towards Indigenous peoples and livelihoods.[45]. While Jon Levine, the reporter of the Post piece, emailed back to say he grabbed the picture in question from Keelers Instagram, and. Timothy B. Powell, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press (1999), Anthes, Bill. Creating an alleged pretendian list of possible offenders with incomplete research, possible bias and implication of actual Natives alongside alleged pretensions isnt safe for Indian Country nor should it be the standard of this OPINION piece of angsts about Jacqueline Keeler or her list of frauds. "Well where's the proof" Here. ", "Why Your DNA Results Didn't Show Your Native American Ancestry", "Native Americans fear potential exploitation of their DNA", "DNA tests stand on shaky ground to define Native American identity", "How 'pretendians' undermine the rights of Indigenous people - We must guard against harmful public discourse about Native identity as much as we guard against harmful policy", "Across North America, academics have allegedly manufactured indigenous identity for personal, professional and financial gain", "The Curious Case of Gina Adams: A "Pretendian" investigation - She was hired by Emily Carr University in an effort to recruit Indigenous faculty. Most of the people mentioned in the V.E.S. 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