It poses resistance to change. Their upper managers show support for the advancement of women. True The organization delivers leading edge programs and platforms for individuals and companies -- designed to empower professionals, boost competitiveness and cultivate partnerships, globally. Although, multiples studies open the possibility that individuals can simultaneously have male and female attributes. Goal setting is a more Masculine trait, while so-called Growing Insight is much more a Feminine trait. Goal setting is a more masculine trait. His theory says that cultures can be categorized. The terms refer to the traits or characteristics typically associated with being male or female, respectively. Some consequences: a. The dimensions collectively portray the impact of the culture ingrained in society on the values of the members of that society. This orientation is most common in Mediterranean and Latin cultures including France, Italy, Greece, and Mexico, as well as some Eastern and African cultures. c. Communitarianism a. c. consequential ethics b. organizational flexibility. d. They receive fewer benefits than their male counterparts. It states that people should be allowed to pursue what is in their economic self-interest. would it make and sell? moral rights and wrongs. Construction of masculinity in India has been approached and studied from a variety of feminist perspectives. Lars and Jane aren't just different, they come from different cultures. b. do not take risks. a. Try out our new practice tests completely free! In countries with a high power distance, _____. For task motivation as antecedent (which includes intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy), we find that tight cultures such as in China, Hong Kong and India, with collectivism, power distance, masculinity, and low uncertainty avoidance, show the strongest relationship. Identify a potential problem of workforce diversity. b. local standards guide ethical behavior. femininity and masculinity describe socio-cultural categories in everyday language. More recently, instead of focusing on cultural values only, cultural tightness a concept proposed by Michele Gelfand has become more central. Predictor: Climate appears to be the best predictor of Masculinity / Femininity. He suggested a culture can differ on several dimensions namely, individualism or collectivism, power distant or non-power distant, feminine or masculine, uncertainty avoidant or non-uncertainty avoidant. As a current work of Pasifika cinema, Vai (2019) offers important considerations on the nature of transnationality, cultural identity, and water as a connective theme amongst diffuse oceanic communities. In the case of Jane and Lars, and masculine and feminine cultures in general, the differences are also in the verbs used and the things that are stressed. False, In cultures characterized by traditional femininity, assertiveness and materialism are valued. People often place a greater emphasis on standing out and being unique. Cultures in warm climates tend to be masculine; cooler climates tend to be feminine. and formality is the rule. (2018), people live in exciting times in which the neoconservative cultural and political atmosphere has fostered a plethora of feminist goals, methods, and collaborations aimed at reforming the gender-power relations impacting women's rights and . c. good is the ultimate moral value. 1, K. Manimekalai2. c. People are highly threatened by one another. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Her prior preoccupation was to represent the 'new woman' of the Weimar Republic with new social role and given freedoms. Hofstede's descriptions of these cultural types are based on gender stereotypes, and not every person fits these stereotypes. Women are expected to be nurturing and focused on people and quality of life. In the context of age diversity, which of the following statements is true of younger workers? b. It can be said that Mr. Okazaki is an expatriate manager. Unlike people in cultures with high uncertainty avoidance, people in cultures with a low uncertainty avoidance What would be the total contribution margin? Masculine & Feminine Cultures Geert Hoftstede, a social psychologist, was one of the first people to define cultures by gendered traits. b. This website offers a wide variety of resources that are focus basically on 4 main categories: Men and Masculinity, Women and Girl,R esources for Parents - Gender Representation, and Resources for Teachers - Gender Representation. Broadly speaking, British cultural studies focused on literary and cultural traditions, new media technologies, and marginalized social groups and "subcultures." a. bosses are afforded more authority All Rights Reserved. Which of the following is a similarity between prejudice and discrimination? Men are expected to be assertive, competitive, and focused on material success, while women are expected to be nurturing and focused on people and quality of life. Argues that women continued to define themselves by traditional, victorian mores of femininity, but linked that identity to the need for an active role in politics. _____ is the degree to which a culture accepts unequal distribution of power. They give men more importance than women. b. b. Feminine cultures tend to have loose gender roles, equal pay, female representation in most positions of power, and quality of life and relationships with people are valued over materialistic items like money or expensive cars. Procedural justice concerns: It's important to note that Hofstede's descriptions of these cultural types are based on gender stereotypes. This is just a way of understanding the differences in how many people within different cultures communicate. c. Guanxi and limitations by doll model and department: MoldingMaterialsAssemblyTimeSellingPriceChattyChelsey2poundsperdoll15minutesperdoll$39perdollTalkingTanya3poundsperdoll20minutesperdoll$50perdollMaterials/LaborAvailable36,000pounds8,500hoursCost$8perpound$12perhour\begin{array}{lccc} Masculinity and Challenges for Women in Indian Culture . Power distance How femininities and masculinities are valued differs culturally. Dr. It is a dance which depicts feminine, delicacy and eros filling. As such, women do everything they can to live up to that idea. Hofstede studied people who worked for IBM in more than 50 countries. Gulf University for Science & Technology, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kampar, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, 129 Answer True False Explanation 130Antigens that evoke the production of both, Working with Culturally Diverse Clients.docx, Question 3 Importance of organisations investing in promoting a healthier work, SNHU 107 Final Project I Academic Mission Statement and Goals Template.docx, mark What is the temperature rise when 2100 J of energy is supplied to 100 g of, 5 One of the reasons that the Federal Reserve can take such dramatic actions to, Proposal-Effectss of divorce on children social development (1).docx, HCM 320 Module 1- Journal (Comparing Health Outcome in Adjoining Counties).docx, The Steps in the Scientific Method Part 4 Identifying Parts of a Typical Journal. Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Marysville, Ohio. b. They were not affected by the Great Recession. True They are comfortable with individual differences. Let's imagine for a moment that Jane and Lars are business partners. d. It requires a thorough examination of employees' hidden assumptions. b. are currently holding most leadership positions. 3. That doesn't mean that every woman is nurturing and thinking about how to live a fulfilling life or that every man is out to make the most money possible. It informs much about the way we talk and think. Which of the following statements is true of Smith's doctrine of natural liberty? Practice Now . c. Guanxi Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. a. This is where communication can work against them. c. communalism April Layton, an architect, opened an office on June 1, 2012. Masculine culture is a culture in which people are expected to adhere to traditional sex roles. Women's compensation may not increase commensurately with their education. African American workers and Hispanic American workers in the United States are less likely to be prepared to d. It helps in solving interpersonal conflicts. South Korea scores 39 on this dimension and is thus considered a Feminine society. They seek to fit harmoniously within a group. d. They strive for moral rights in the workplace. d. are more willing to take risks. b. b. Femininity is a feeling. b. the baby boomlets It leads to better communication. a. motivate varied work groups. Which of the following statements is true of corporate social responsibility? False, In corporations that shatter the glass ceiling, upper managers demonstrate support for the advancement of women. Which of the following is the most important concern for Juanita, if the hospital experienced some problems with mistakes regarding medical waste? c. they have not had satisfactory on-the-job training. a. While human nature is inherited, culture is learned; however, individuals within all cultures vary based on differences, preferences, values, and experiences. Of course, there are also people of both sexes that are focused on both achievement and also enjoying time with the people around them. c. Character theories the assembly department is limited by the amount of trained labor available. How would your answers to requirements 1 and 2 differ? b. The haka represents the pride, strength, and unity of a tribe and is characterized by foot-stamping, body slapping, tongue protrusions, and rhythmic chanting. a. women should be assertive They are fully accepted into Samoan culture while in Western culture the concept may be hard to grasp. d. Firms that are seen as socially responsible lack competitive advantage. So in the case of the U.S.A., we find yet again a country outperforming on one dimension (domain-relevant knowledge), yet underperforming on another one (task motivation). What were once called multinational organizations are now referred to as _____, indicating that the global viewpoint. 1 For instance, female and male politicians are portrayed using traits based on their respective gender roles in society (e.g., Kahn, 1994; Kittilson & Fridkin, 2008).Mass media affect citizens' perceptions of candidates' traits (e.g., Eberl et al., 2017) and influence . What happens if Jane is talking to a business with a more feminine culture or Lars is talking to a business with a more masculine culture? Power distance refers to the distribution of influence within a culture. b. they have a lower population density than other ethnic groups. (b) feminine cultures, sex roles were less . They can look at not only what is visible, but what is behind them;this can be done in order to see how aware the learners are about the representations of male and female in the world, Then, the teacher can present the article that is easy to understand and is very close to people realities, considering that Hollywood films a, This article describes mainly masculinity as. According to Geert Hofstede, a well-known social psychologist, a culture can be analyzed basing on six cultural dimensions: Power Distance: the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally. Clown fish. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. d. they are the underutilized talents of the workforce. Sexual coercion In culturally loose countries such as France, Spain, and the U.S.A., domain-relevant knowledge can be important thanks to two other combinations of cultural values. a. The balance in the investment account was $31 million at the time of the change. The Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham (UK) was established in 1964 in order to understand this new unsettling world. a. d. Power distance. A cultural bundle is the set that includes both the cultural values characterizing a given country, and the strength of the norms enforcing these values (or cultural tightness). | 11 How Culture Influences Creativity Across Countries, How creativity has been understood so far, and what we can add, Domain-relevant knowledge is important to achieve creativity in the cultures characterized by collectivism, power distance, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance, Creative-relevant skills are important to achieve creativity in the cultures characterized by individualism, low power distance, masculinity, and low uncertainty avoidance. d. They are an underutilized human resource. d. titles are used and formality is the rule, b. managers and employees judge each other on a basis of equality, Unlike in societies with a high power distance, in societies with a low power distance, _____. d. They keep their families' best interests above their organizations'. b. Transcribed image text: (2) Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity dimension looked at the relationship between gender and work roles and found that in (a) feminine cultures, sex roles were sharply differentiated, and traditional "feminine values" determined cultural ideals. d. they are the most underutilized talents of the workforce. It is evident that Martha belongs to a culture that is characterized by _____. Lars, on the other hand, is likely to describe their system in very different terms. He wonders how she could possibly be happy by focusing on those things. d. an unethical act. d. Fact-based theories, According to Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative, _____. This find affected greatly on her artistic production, and she created mass-media photographs comprising the elements of photomontage and handwork patterns, thus combining traditional and modern culture. In the Ibo culture the gender difference plays an important role in Umofian people's daily life, and has become one of the centric themes of Achebe's book. All Rights Reserved. She seems so focused on competition and making money, which Lars doesn't care about. Some of the India Folk dances are listed in UNESCO's list of intangible cultures. She comes from the United States, which is a culture known for being very masculine on Hofstede's scale. Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions: Theory, Purpose & Types | What is Cultural Dimension? Cultural feminism is a variety of feminism which emphasizes essential differences between men and women, based on biological differences in reproductive capacity. Suppose Trump is changing from the equity method rather than to the equity method. They may view older workers as resistant to change. People in cultures with low uncertainty avoidance: Radiance. All Rights Reserved. a.the quality of life is not considered important b.money and possessions are of paramount importance c.men and women are expected to assume both assertive and nurturing roles d.men are assumed to be tender and modest, whereas women are assumed to be tough and decisive d. b. Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. 2. b. universal moralism 9. c. A majority of them occupy line positions in business. a. to prepare women to contribute in organizations. 10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. Hoftstede's definitions: [Solved] In cultures characterized by traditional femininity, assertiveness and materialism are valued. However, he is employed as a manager at Honda plant in b. a powerful influence on corporate America. a. The different countries they occupy are characterized by very different cultural bundles and, as such, will push their employees to engage in creative efforts in a particular way. b. Individualism In traditional Samoan culture, boys born into male bodies who identify as female as known as Fa'Afafines. a. Jennifer Lombardo received both her undergraduate degree and MBA in marketing from Rowan University. Moreover, Hofstede says that people within societies often take on gender roles that are prescribed by whether a society is masculine or feminine. c. managers are given authority only if they have expertise Another masculine and feminine gender example can be put in a question: " Being Employee of the Month; Is this a Reward or a Punishment? Power distance 44.In cultures characterized by traditional femininity, _____. d. place more importance on independence and creativity. c. are more satisfied with their jobs Bosses are afforded more authority. Femininity (also called womanliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls.Femininity can be understood as socially constructed, and there is also some evidence that some behaviors considered feminine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. b. collectivism They are not likely to face economic difficulties. Some examples of applications can be: The profesor can first show the images to the students and make them talk about what they see in the images. b. they are less likely to have had satisfactory schooling. However, we find clear differences if we focus on what we call cultural bundles. Their share of authority is increasing commensurately with their education. Most prominently the effect of individualism or collectivism on the efficacy of the three different antecedents to creativity. But questions of gender roles make for quite contentious discussion these days. c. Multiple stakeholders expect organizations to engage in socially responsible actions. c. the fairness of the process by which outcomes are allocated. Ready to test your Knowledge? Haka is performed at weddings as a sign of . wrongs. d. The glass ceiling. \text { Cost } & \$ 8 \text { per pound } & \$ 12 \text { per hour } & d. do not accept dissenting viewpoints. Fundamentally, individualism is a belief that the individual is an end in themself. _____ are managers who work in a country other than their home country. Psychologist Dr. Geert Hofstede published his cultural dimensions model at the end of the 1970s, based on a decade of research. In the context of ethical dilemmas facing the modern organization, whistle-blowing is: All of the following are typical of cultures characterized by traditional masculinity EXCEPT. "Gender roles, even sexual desire, is shaped to suit society. They are comfortable with individual differences. This approach may overlook some nuances in the effect of cultural differences since East and West display differences within themselves. c. to harness the wealth of differences provided by cultural diversity. As we've already seen, Lars and Jane think about things differently, but they also express their thoughts differently. Geert Hoftstede, a social psychologist, was one of the first people to define cultures by gendered traits. Expatriate managers c. Character theories Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofculturalrelativism? Tanya. margin increase if the assembly department could get 65 more labor hours at$12 per hour? d. People believe in minimizing inequality. Conceptions of masculinity and femininity vary widely across cultures, but two universals are plausible: (i) To varying degrees, every society assigns traits or tasks on the basis of sex, and (ii) the status of women is inferior to the status of men in every society. b. Production in the molding department is limited by the amount of materials available. c. A majority of them have had schooling. A feminine culture is one where gender roles are more fluid and both men and women are expected to be nurturing and focused on people and quality of life. c. to harness the wealth of differences provided by cultural diversity. c. the fairness of the process by which outcomes are allocated. c. An individual's inner character is the focus of this ethical concept. c. Their employment conditions are not protected by any law. Femininity and Masculinity describe gender identities. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. As a result, their communication might not be as effective as it could be. b. b. What we traditionally mean by masculinity is captured in the adjectives, again both positive and negative, our society traditionally ascribes to men: strong, assertive, brave, active, independent, intelligent, competitive, insensitive, unemotional, and aggressive. d. Their middle managers allocate lesser number of tasks to women than men. c. Behaviorism In our study, we first illustrate that focusing on either the cultural dimensions independently or on cultural tightness on its own, does not explain much in terms of difference in creativity across countries. a. tend to avoid conflict. materials in the molding department and labor in the assembly department. They are not willing to take risks. They seek to fit harmoniously within a group. a. So, in tight cultures, domain-relevant knowledge is very important for creativity, and thus, particularly enforced through norms with this particular combination of cultural values. Are you interested in boosting your career, personal development, networking, and giving back? Copying HR practices that stimulate creativity in one country to another one could have serious detrimental effects if those practices do not align with the cultural bundle of the host country. c. must communicate with employees who have different values. [Solved] In cultures characterized by traditional femininity, _____. a. Enter your email to receive articles from leading executives, networking opportunities, industry discounts and more! d. It inhibits innovation. It completely compliments the entire room as an accent chair perfectly.
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